American shoppers continued to spend in June even as high interest rates and economic uncertainty weighed on household budgets, providing another sign that consumer demand remains a key pillar of the U.S. economy.

The Commerce Department reported that U.S. retail sales rose 0.2% in June following a stronger gain in May. Excluding gas stations, where lower fuel prices reduced overall sales, consumer spending remained solid as shoppers bought vehicles and took advantage of seasonal promotions. 

For businesses, the report suggests consumers are still willing to spend, but they’re becoming more selective about where and how they shop.

Retailers are finding that promotions—not higher prices—are increasingly driving sales.

Automobile dealers, online retailers and several discretionary categories posted gains, while lower gasoline prices pulled down sales at fuel stations. The figures indicate that consumers are adjusting their spending habits rather than pulling back across the board. 

The report arrives as retailers prepare for the second half of the year, a period that includes back-to-school shopping and the early buildup to the holiday season. Companies will be watching closely to see whether easing fuel costs give households more room to spend elsewhere or whether higher borrowing costs continue limiting discretionary purchases.

The strength of the American consumer remains one of the biggest variables shaping the broader economy.

Economists say future spending will depend on inflation, job growth and interest rates. If consumers continue opening their wallets despite ongoing financial pressures, retailers could enter the fall with stronger momentum than many had anticipated. But if confidence weakens, businesses may be forced to rely more heavily on discounts to keep shoppers coming through the door. 

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