Alvin K. Hellerstein, a prominent Orthodox Jewish federal judge who presided over some of the nation’s most consequential legal proceedings, including cases involving President Donald Trump, Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro, and the September 11 terrorist attacks, passed away Wednesday at the age of 92.

Judge Hellerstein, who served on the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York for nearly three decades, was widely respected for his legal scholarship, judicial independence, and deep commitment to Yiddishkeit. Throughout his career, he spoke openly about the influence of his religious beliefs on his understanding of justice and his responsibilities on the federal bench.

“As a judge, and as a Jew, I consider that everything I do reflects God and affects His image,” Hellerstein wrote in a 2013 law review article.

His observance of Shabbos was an integral part of his judicial life. He once explained that he deliberately scheduled sentencing hearings for Fridays so that he could spend Shabbos reflecting on whether he had treated defendants fairly and reached the correct decisions.

Born in New York City, Hellerstein graduated from Columbia University and subsequently earned his law degree from Columbia Law School, where he served as an editor of the law review. He later served in the U.S. Army’s Judge Advocate General’s Corps before entering private practice.

For 38 years, he practiced law at Stroock & Stroock & Lavan, developing an extensive legal career before President Bill Clinton nominated him to the federal judiciary in 1998. He assumed senior status in 2011 but continued hearing major cases until shortly before his passing.

Among his most significant judicial assignments was overseeing much of the civil litigation arising from the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center. The proceedings involved wrongful death claims, property damage disputes, and complex questions of liability stemming from the destruction of the Twin Towers.

More recently, Hellerstein presided over the federal prosecution of Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro, who faced charges involving drug trafficking and torture.

The judge also became a central figure in several legal battles involving President Trump.

In one closely watched case, Hellerstein rejected Trump’s efforts to transfer his New York state criminal conviction on 34 counts of falsifying business records to federal court, where the president sought to have the prosecution dismissed on presidential immunity grounds.

In another high-profile ruling in 2020, Hellerstein ordered the release of Trump’s former attorney Michael Cohen from federal custody. The judge determined that federal authorities had retaliated against Cohen over his plans to publish a book critical of Trump by attempting to revoke his home confinement and return him to prison.

Beyond those politically sensitive proceedings, Hellerstein handled major financial fraud, securities, and market manipulation cases during his years on the bench.

His passing prompted tributes from colleagues who praised his dedication to the federal judiciary.

“Judge Hellerstein was an insightful and dedicated lawyer,” said Laura Taylor Swain, chief judge of the Southern District of New York. “His energetic and dedicated service to this court continued until his death. He is greatly appreciated and will be sorely missed.”

Outside the courtroom, Hellerstein was deeply involved in Jewish communal life. He served as president of the Jewish Center, a prominent Modern Orthodox congregation on Manhattan’s Upper West Side, and held leadership positions as president and chairman of the Board of Jewish Education.

His commitment to Torah values and his understanding of the obligations of a Jewish judge were subjects he frequently discussed.

Harvard Law School professor emeritus Alan Dershowitz, who knew Hellerstein personally, previously described him as an exceptionally capable jurist and a deeply committed Jew.

“He’s a great judge—fair and well-balanced,” Dershowitz told JNS. “He’s also a great tennis player, even in his late 80s and early 90s, and a real mensch.”

In a separate interview earlier this year, Dershowitz emphasized the principles that guided Hellerstein’s judicial philosophy.

“He’s a deeply committed Jew and a deeply principled lawyer,” Dershowitz said.

“He understands two things from the Bible. No. 1, ‘Tzedek, tzedek tirdof,’ you must always seek justice,” Dershowitz said. “No. 2, ‘Lo takir panim,’ don’t recognize faces.”

The two principles, drawn from Parshas Shoftim, reflect the Torah’s command to pursue justice and its prohibition against showing favoritism in judgment.

Hellerstein’s unusual combination of religious devotion, decades of legal experience, and involvement in some of America’s most prominent court proceedings made him a distinctive figure in the federal judiciary.

He remained active on the bench into his 90s, continuing to hear difficult and nationally significant cases long after many of his contemporaries had retired.