JERUSALEM — The proportion of Poles expressing negative attitudes toward Jews has risen to 40%, the highest in two decades, according to a national survey published Monday by the Polish state research agency CBOS. Positive sentiment toward Jews has fallen to just 22%, the lowest level recorded since 2006.

The survey, published by The Jerusalem Post on Monday, is carried out annually and asks respondents to rate their feelings toward 21 national and ethnic groups. The latest results show that dislike of Jews and Americans increased by eight percentage points over the past year, with Ukrainians also seeing a five-point rise in negative sentiment. Russians, Belarusians, and Roma remain among the most disliked groups, while Italians, Czechs, and Slovaks are the most favored.

CBOS analysts linked some of the shift to geopolitical developments, noting that attitudes toward nations perceived as benefiting from the war in Ukraine — including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine itself — have deteriorated. “Comparing the results from 2023 and 2026, we notice that the national sympathies of Poles are no longer lasting and obvious. They are increasingly dependent on current political events and narratives present in the public debate,” the report said.

Since the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, 74% of Poles reported negative feelings toward Russia, while only 7% expressed sympathy.

The findings reflect a broader trend of declining trust and rising suspicion among Poles toward other nations, according to CBOS, and highlight an alarming surge in antisemitism in a country long shaped by Holocaust memory.